Should lethal injection be considered cruel and unusual punishment Research Paper

Should deadly infusion be viewed as coldblooded and unordinary discipline - Research Paper Example Deadly infusion is dangerous in that there will undoubtedly be issues that may cause curse of agony, torment and waiting demise. One reason for this is the strategy was created by an individual, Fred Leuchter, who had no clinical preparing, and developed the technique by inspecting writing on the impacts that the convention had on pigs and assessed as needs be. Despite the fact that these proposals have been defamed, they despite everything structure the reason for the convention in â€Å"the overwhelmingly lion's share of states that utilization the demise penalty† an advancement that caused Debra Denno, creator of the most extensive report on capital punishment conventions in the United States to state â€Å"it isn't clear how or why this concoction blend has persisted† (Wong, 2006, p. 269). One more of the reasons why deadly infusion might be viewed as savage and abnormal discipline is a result of how it is done. Deadly infusions are regularly bungled, as there have been more than 30 instances of such messed up executions since capital punishment was reestablished by Gregg v. Georgia (Wong, 2006, p. 264). In particular, clinical staff, work force that would be prepared to do deadly infusion so that it would be without intricacy and easy, regularly wouldn't like to complete the discipline. Around 19% of clinical faculty do feel free to do this, yet these people are met with resistance from clinical social orders (Denno, 2002, p. 2). All things considered, they make a Hippocratical Vow that expresses that they are not to do any mischief, and regulating deadly infusion would be an immediate logical inconsistency to this fundamental pledge. Therefore,... As an outcome of the way that clinical work force overall can't partake in deadly infusion conventions, quite possibly the official who is directing the convention will place the intravenous line into the muscle, instead of a vein, or the needle may get stopped up. This would make the detainee experience outrageous agony. For instance, when James Autry was executed in Texas in 1984, it took him 10 minutes to pass on, while he moved around and grumbled of torment. In addition, in light of the fact that the professionals playing out the convention are unpracticed, it is here and there hard to locate a decent vein, and this is intensified when the prisoner was an intravenous medication client. Such was the situation with Steven Morin in Texas, who was a previous heroin client, which made the professional need to stick Morin’s arms with needles multiple times. Essentially, deadly infusion comprises of three unique methods †the first is the sedative; the second prompts loss of motion; the third causes passing. The first of these strategies that is the most significant is the directing of the sedative, for this is the thing that makes the method be without torment. On the off chance that a clinical staff isn't managing the sedative, at that point it makes sense that the sedative probably won't be regulated appropriately, which implies that the detainee may feel horrifying torment in biting the dust. Konarias et al. looked for convention data from Texas and Virginia, as these two states established 45% of all capital punishment cases completed in the United States.

Credibility and Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research †Free Samples

Question: Talk about the Credibility and Trustworthiness of Qualitative Research. Answer: Presentation: The interest pace of male and female representatives in setting of Taxi Drivers has been all around characterized in Australian Taxi Industry Association(ATIA, 2014). As per ATIA commitment of ladies in Taxi Driving Industries has diminished because of some social reasons yet there are some taxi administration giving organizations that are giving work to females. This examination will dissect the usefulness of Uber Technologies Inc. which is one of the biggest taxi specialist co-op companies(Week, 2018). Uber Technologies Inc. (Uber) is an innovation fire up that offer types of assistance of sharing rides by empowering a connection between singular specialist co-ops (drivers) with the assistance of an application. Business of Uber has broadened its exercises in excess of 250 urban communities of 57 nations. Ubers progressively appraisable advance is to utilize female cab drivers for riding administrations. Since womens wellbeing is the significant issue and keeping in mind that going by a taxi, it is increasingly imperative to guarantee that the driver of the taxi is trustable and polite. Alongside this, considering female drivers likewise shows a stage towards ladies strengthening and changing of social perspectives. Uber is constantly searching for better approaches to build the cooperation of female drivers by giving better profession openings and great working atmosphere(Uber, 2018) This Project focuses on itemized and exact pointers on the work of ladies as a Taxi Driver, and breaking down the components influencing the cooperation of female cab drivers in Australia in contrast with male cab drivers. Destinations of this undertaking are(Ary, Jecobs, Irvine, Walker, 2018). To discover the present pace of female representatives in the association. To discover factors influencing the Participation of female cabbies. To inspect the impacts of expanding portion of female cab drivers. To outline systems for expanding the womens share in the organization. To absolutely look at the components influencing the ladies work in taxi administrations of Uber Technologies Inc. what's more, to propose methodologies for expanding the portion of female workers, this investigation has picked blend procedure to cover exceptionally significant parts of the study(Bryman Bell, 2015). Writing Review-According to Booth, Sutton and papaioannou (2016) presenting female cab drivers is one of the most commendable advance towards ladies empowerment.(Booth, Sutton, Papaioannou, 2016). Further according to the perspective on Azoirn and Cameron (2010) this progression was demonstrated effective to a degree yet not in attractive state (Azorin Cameron, 2010). Information assortment Secondary information for the exploration will be gathered from approved site and lawful government sources. Wellsprings of information will be authentic site of Uber Technologies Inc., reports of taxi affiliation, diary articles and different reports (Cope, D.G., 2014). Meetings to encourage the outcomes subsequent to breaking down the auxiliary information, this contextual investigation will likewise include the meetings of female cab drivers and the unrivaled specialists of the organization. This data will likewise be useful in finding the approaches to expand the quantity of portion of female representatives at the work environment. It will likewise help in discovering the assessment of the administration recipient or clients. A lot of inquiry will be set up for offering the criticism of clients to male and female taxi drivers(Taylor, Bogdan, Vault, 2015). As discussed the case, this examination will significantly utilize auxiliary information sources from the Australian Taxi Industry Association and past patterns of Uber Technologies Inc. It will be straightforward just as fast be accessible on the web. Explicitly information dependent on working air of the organization, rules with respect to female business, accessibility of required adaptability and offices, compensation arrangements and expert necessity will be gathered from site and yearly reports of the organization. After assortment of proper data related information, it will be crossed checked with the present figures and situations with the assistance of current news distributed on its site. After cross-checking all data, for example, office structure, proportions of security at work environment, hierarchical qualities in setting to female business will be sorted out and afterward connection among a similar will be broke down based on relationship analysis(Silverman, 2016). References Ary, D., Jecobs, L. C., Irvine, C. K., Walker, D. (2018). Prologue to Research in Education. Cengage Learning. Recovered April 3, 2018 ATIA. (2014, December). Taxi Statistics. Recovered April 3, 2018, from Australian Taxi Industry Association: to Australian Taxi Industry Association Azorin, M. J., Cameron, R. (2010). The Application of Mixed Methods in Organizational Research: A Literature Review. Electronic Journal of Business Research Methods, 8(2), 95-105. Recovered April 3, 2018 Stall, A., Sutton, A., Papaioannou, D. (2016). Deliberate Approaches to a Successful Literature Review (second ed.). Sage Publications Ltd. Recovered April 3, 2018 Bryman, A., Bell, E. (2015). Business Research Methods (fourth ed.). Oxford University Press. Recovered April 3, 2018 Adapt, D. G. (2014, January). Strategies and implications: believability and reliability of subjective research. InOncology nursing forum(Vol. 41, No. 1) Silverman, D. (2016). Subjective Research (fourth ed.). Sage Publications l. Recovered April 3, 2018 Taylor, S. J., Bogdan, R., Vault, M. D. (2015). Prologue to Qualitative Research Methods: A Guidebook and Resource (Vol. 2). John Wiley Sons. Recovered April 3, 2018 Uber. (2018). Driver-accomplice necessities. Recovered April 3, 2018, from https://www.uber.com/en-AU/drive/necessities/ Week, B. B. (2018). Organization Overview of Uber Technologies, Inc. Recovered April 3, 2018, from https://www.bloomberg.com/inquire about/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=144524848

MIT Quidditch The Best Thing EVER

MIT Quidditch The Best Thing EVER Today. I. Joined. Quidditch. The awesomeness is still sinking in. This afternoon was the first warm, sunny, beautiful day weve had here for a while. I bike year-round, but today was the first time since fall that I went on a bike ride for fun, instead of just to get to class. After exploring the Minuteman trail (including a statue of Uncle Sam; did you know that the original Uncle Sam was born near Boston?) I headed to MITs campus to take some pictures of MITs newest sport. I started out as an observer, but soon got caught up in the magic and was flying (er, running) around a soccer field on a broom. Todays practice was mostly about getting used to moving on the broom and handling the ball with just one hand (since the other holds on to the broom). We used a volleyball as our quaffle. We havent practiced with them yet, but we have dodgeballs for bludgers. We also have a cross country running who has volunteered to dress in gold and play the snitch. The snitch is allowed to run around the entire campus, instead of staying on (or even in sight of!) the playing field. If you check online, you can find some pretty funny videos of existing Quidditch teams and their snitches. Some of the snitches will do flips and cartwheels to taunt the players as they run past. One thing that surprised me about practice was the wide range of students who came. Out of 11 students present, I think we represented 10 different dorms/Independent Living Groups. It was great to meet people from all over campus with a common interest. Another surprising thing about practice today was the spectators. Given that the sport is brand-new, I expected the stands to be empty. There were some people at MIT (I think there was a swimming tournament?) who noticed us practicing and stopped to watch and cheer. I gave them my camera and it is thanks to them that you have the three action photos! To MIT students: We have practices weekly, on Sunday afternoons. Sometime this month we will scrimmage Harvard. Several other schools are interested in playing us as well. Email quidditch-execs at mit dot edu to get on the list for more info! We would love more players and/or more fans :) To pre-frosh: We will have a CPW event! I am pretty sure it will involve us playing a demo game, and you will likely have a chance to play as well! Today. Was. Awesome.

City Project Japan Essay - 550 Words

City Project: Japan (Essay Sample) Content: City project: JapanName:Instructor:Course:Date:City project: JapanCultureVarious factors, including urbanization and globalization, become key determinants of the changing culture in Japan. Traditionally, the culture has valued the idea of cooperation, as well as considering the needs of the masses as opposed to an individual (Rasheed, 2015). In terms of government and public interaction, the city shows great changes. In this regard, the lack of individual participation and communication with officials in government arises due to a declined level of activism. Nonetheless, the current period witnesses profound changes in this relationship, with social media becoming a major platform for improved interaction of the people with the government (Rasheed, 2015). Of great note is the participation of the young generation, as opposed to earlier eras where the voice of these groups became highly repressed.Further, the empowerment of minorities and women stands out clearly over the years, with the traditional male à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬dominated society adjusting to a democratic state of gender equality. With this, family ties have also regarded the role of females in decision making, inheritance and marriage. The economic culture of Japan depicts substantial changes, with the post-World War period enabling Japan to establish a free market economy (Mckenzie, 2015). Traditionally, landowners had the sole right of owning related property. Conversely, the modern Japan displays an economic view of capitalism, with desirable controls being formulated in order to reduce the possibilities of a monopoly situation (Mckenzie, 2015).GeographyThe arrival of immigrants in Japan dates back to an approximate 30, 000 years. During that time, the key islands became connected to Korea and Siberia through bridges made of dry land (japan-guide.com, 2015). The city exists as a string of several islands, which stand on the eastern part of Asia. The four main islands include Kyushu, Hokk aido, Honshu and Shikoku. Over 4000 smaller islands have developed. Further, a large part of Japan becomes covered by mountains. In this view, the biggest island, Honshu, has the Japanese Alps running down its center. Mount Fuji forms the highest peak, with its cone-like volcano becoming a sacred feature for most individuals (japan-guide.com, 2015). However, the city presents a point of danger in terms of the movement of tectonic plates that cause an earthquake. Annually, Japan experiences a number of earthquakes, coupled with an active 60 volcanoes out of the total 200. The beauty of the landscape stands as common feature of the Japanese given the religious aspect attached to natural features such as forests, mountains and waterfalls (japan-guide.com, 2015). Wildlife suffers immensely die to the large population, especially covering the countryside.GovernmentUntil presently, Japan stands as the only country having a reigning emperor. With the growing population in the area, the gov ernment continues to address the prevalent issues relating to social policy (Smith, 2015). Here, older people become considered through establish...

19th century literature and medicine Free Essay Example, 2000 words

Treatments followed by four to eight weeks of rest in between allow the patient to remove the maximum amount of pigment cells. Patients can notice a lightening of the lesion after each treatment as the body disposes of the pigment cells. Interestingly, most birthmarks lighten by at least seventy five percent; where as some may lighten by even up to ninety five percent. Georgina’s death, as a result of her husband’s ‘will for perfection’ could not only have been avoided today, but she could have been cured of her birthmark. The matter in The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins is much complicated. Barbara A. Suess sees the symbols as an agent to overcome the lack of Lacanian â€Å"Imaginary† language beyond the â€Å"Symbolic Order† or what cannot be symbolized. Thus every fragment of her unique sense of the self is a mosaic of reactions to the â€Å"Wallpaper† and within the â€Å"dead paper† of her journal where she uses masculine utterances to give vent to her silenced self. Hence she can only grapple at visual details that correspond to the vague images of her mind that has only found a corresponding â€Å"objective correlative† in the wallpaper. We will write a custom essay sample on 19th century literature and medicine or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Suess calls this her attempt to â€Å"create a new order† (Suess, 84). The wallpaper is the canvas where she objectifies herself. The â€Å"patterns† of her condition when projected subjectively with expressionistic detail over the wallpaper only appear â€Å"gruesome† to her. Slowly one can observe a change in her as she tires herself out and goes out of her way to â€Å"think† out a pattern and etch out a space of her own. Suddenly she sees a crack within the interminable and exhaustive â€Å"patterns† as they appear as â€Å"bars†. And beyond that she finds herself buried underneath that charade of â€Å"self-control† and â€Å"will†. Another startling effect is produced by the symbol of daylight and moonlight. It can have indefinite meanings to a post-Freudian reader, but if taken in the context of the narrative pattern itself, the light and darkness seem to directly refer to her new sense of alienation. She sees herself as a social misfit (like all the other creeping women she sees) only because she understands the futility of this silence and restive calm. It is only a decorated surface that mocks her with â€Å"bulbous eyes† and lolling heads. She can tolerate or understand John’s laughter but not the laughter of those eyes, because she cannot face her own sham. Her sense of self is almost like that ‘paper’, which under the ownership of the master and like a palimpsest has lost it’s own sense of identity and is of a cowardly shade of yellow that follows her everywhere, the smell of which make her constantly aware of her own imprisonment.

The Ethics Of Human Resource Development - 1778 Words

Jasmine Williams-Thompson HRD 5343 Foundations of Human Resource Development Paper Critique September 28, 2015 Managers’ personal values as predictors of importance attached to training and development: a cross-country exploratory by David McGuire, ThomaS n. Garavan, David O’Donnell, Sudhir k. Saha and Maria Cseh Introduction Very few studies have been tested to show the importance of training and development even though managers may explain the importance of it within their organization or corporation. The studies also tried to explain if training and development is reinforced by the personal morals or values that managers have. Even now, there has been regulated findings that has concentrated on the ethics idea and the outcome that individual morals employ on human resource decision making rests hugely unknown( Saha and Fisera 1999). Continual beliefs or values majorly affect behaviors and decision-making through preparing people with principles that can be related in many different circumstances. The function creates the foundation for looking at how the morals of managers influence the value they place on training and development responsibilities. Training and development achieves a major goal in organizations. Several people argue different views about training and development, scoping new view points for new meanings. Wexley and Latham (2002) argue that â€Å"training and development can improve an individual’s level of self-awareness, enhance anShow MoreRelatedHr Functions and Organizational Ethics1261 Words   |  6 PagesHR Functions and Organizational Ethics HRM/427 Dr. Donovan Lawrence September 5, 2010 Human Resources professionals are responsible for several roles in the workplace, including implementing and managing policies, recruiting and retention, and training and development. The HR department is responsible for making sure that organizations conduct business ethically and that shareholders are treated ethically. The HR department must be able to monitor compliance with federal and stateRead MoreChanging Role of Hr Management959 Words   |  4 PagesThe Changing Role of Human Resources Management The ever-changing roles within human resources management (HRM), in response to trends, are from a dynamic environment and the importance of HRM. Every changing organization has a need for a HRM to respond and implement changes. The organizations driven by e-business and technology need to be ready to respond and adapt to the environmental changes and should focus on satisfying the company’s customer needs. In this role, the HRM contributesRead MoreTable Of ContentsPrefacexiiiPART ONEThe Strategic Human1743 Words   |  7 PagesTable of Contents Preface xiii PART ONE The Strategic Human Resource Management Model 2 Chapter 1 Strategic Importance of Human Resource Management Chapter Objectives Challenges Facing Canadian Organizations Spotlight on Ethics: What Is a â€Å"Right† Behaviour? Objectives of Human Resource Management Strategic Human Resource Management The Organization of Human Resource Management The Human Resource Management Profession of the Future The Framework Used in This Book Spotlight on HRM: Will the 21stRead MoreCritique Nigel Dowers Perspective Of Ethical Development And Globalization1722 Words   |  7 Pageschange is related to globalization and development similarly to how economics is related to globalization and development, but with one additional step. Dower (p1. 2005) explains the relationship as follows: â€Å"globalization is an economic process involving increased international investments and trade in goods and services. Development is a process of economic growth. Globalization is the engine of economic growth. So globalization is the engine of development.† For this paper, I will use Dower’s definitionRead MoreYeah717 Words   |  3 Pagesenvironmental science? Name several disciplines involved in environmental science. Environmental Science is the study of how the natural world works and how humans and the environment interact. Environmental Science in an interdisciplinary field which requires expertise from ecology, ear th science, chemistry, biology, economics, political science, demography, ethics, and others. Contrast the two meanings of science. Now name three applications of science. 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Each of these management principles include different criteria, but play a vital role in running a successful business. I will also cover the importance of establishing a code of ethics for a profitable professional service organizations. Human resources management (HRM) and operations managementRead MoreThe Ethics Of Human Systems845 Words   |  4 PagesUnsustainability in the environment stemmed from human assumption, mechanisms, and economics. Human systems are used because they provide consumers with products that it necessary, yet these necessary contraptions are the root cause to an unsustainable environment (Chiras, 2016). Human systems seem to be extensively using renewable and nonrenewable resources faster than what the environment can provide, which ends up hurting the environment in the long run. Human systems like mechanisms for common dailyRead MoreMy Values And Ethical Behaviors845 Words   |  4 Pagesresponsibility has heightened. According to Lefkowitz (2005), ethics are moral principles that govern a person s or group s behavior. Hence, after reviewing the American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (2010) and the role ethics play in the field of I/O Psychology I this assignment presents a synopsis of the evolution and my influential experiences role of professional values, biases, and ethics. The foundation of my values is my Christian upbringingRead MoreThe Influence of a Companys Leadership and Culture on Its Business Ethics1541 Words   |  6 PagesDiscuss the ways in which a companys leadership and culture influence its business ethics Definition of Organizational Culture Organizational culture refers to the values and behaviors essential in the contribution or development of unique social and psychological environment with reference to an organization. This is an indication that organizational culture is inclusive of the expectations, philosophy, values, and experiences that focus on holding an organization together with the aim of enhancing

Substance Abuse - 15082 Words

WHAT IS MEANT BY DRUG DEPENDENCY? Drug dependence is a situation where an addict feels he/she must have drugs in order to live; this is the term to describe psychological dependence. Physical dependence occurs when the body metabolism adapts to the presence of the drugs, when the drug is removed strong withdrawal symptoms are produced. This withdrawal syndrome is experienced as sickness, stomach upset and muscular pain. Hallucinations and convulsions may also occur. EXPLAIN WHY ALCOHOL IS A DRUG Alcohol is a drug because it affects the body tissues and as a result influences behaviour. BRIEFLY OUTLINE THREE REASONS WHY PEOPLE BECOME DEPENDENT ON DRUGS People become dependent on drugs because of curiosity, believing drugs will†¦show more content†¦To be prejudiced is to have a preconceived opinion about others. An individual may be good, noble, generous, kind, and helpful, but may be rated by the image of his race, religion, and nationality rather than by an assessment of his individual characteristics. Prejudice is acquired, not inborn, prejudice is not inherited: it is taught. Prejudice is unlearned as members of various groups come to know each other as persons instead of stereotypes. WHAT DO YOU UNDERSTAND BY THE TERM DISCRIMINATION? Discrimination is overt behaviour toward another person that is different from the individuals usual behaviour toward others. It is differential treatment towards others. In our society, discrimination may take place in various forms such as in education, voting, employment, group membership, legal, occupational, political and social. It has been seen as unfair treatment or injurious distinctions, especially unfair treatment. The dominant group treats members of the minority group differently because of a variety of fears, fear of intermarriage, fear of job competition, fear of loss of political power and special privileges, fear of decline of their own social status should they associate with them. DOMESTIC VIOLENCE is one of the most common crimes. It is present throughout society, usually hidden, but there, nontheless. Violence between adults who areShow MoreRelatedDrug Abuse And Substance Abuse2025 Words   |  9 PagesDrug abuse is the recurrent use of illegal drugs, or the misuse of prescription or over the counter drugs with negative consequences. The two terms, drug abuse or substance abuse can be defined as the use of chemical substances that lead to an increased risk of problems and an inability to control the use of the substance. Although drug and substance abuse do differ from addiction it sometimes can be mistaken for one another. Addiction is a chronic, often relapsing brain disease that causes compulsiveRead MoreSubstance Abuse And The Active Substance Abuser1514 Words   |  7 Pagesmisadventures of the active substance abuser. Unfortunately, many people in this situation may feel alone and lost when it comes to the pathway to recovery. Not only for the addic t or alcoholic, but a course of action that can give back some semblance of control and peace to the spouse. Sadly, the odds are never in favor for either of the two parties involved; however, people determined to salvage their connection with a loved one may yet be able to do so. Substance abuse of a loved one can be a nearRead MoreSubstance Use Disorder And Substance Abuse997 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance use disorder is defined as being a pattern of maladaptive behaviors and reactions brought about by repeated use of a substance, sometimes also including tolerance for the substance and withdrawal reactions. (pg. 294). The individual I will be talking about for the project is someone that came to crave a particular substance and rely on it every day. Their choice to devote so much of their time to their substance caused issues between their family and friends. Both family and friends startedRead MoreSubstance And Substance Abuse Among Inmates2272 Words   |  10 PagesSubstanc e Abuse among Inmates Substance abuse can be a big problem in our criminal justice system when dealing with the number of inmates who go back to their illegal activity after being released from custody. In specific, inmates who are drug users/ abusers are to be expected to go back to drugs once they get out. Without treatment they do not have the tools, knowledge, or resources to stay clean on the outside when released. 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According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse, â€Å"The number of past-year heroin users in the United States nearly doubled between 2005 and 2012, from 380,000 to 670,000† (2014). This nation-wide increase of heroin abusers leads to another issue: how to treat them. One method of treatment is giving them another medicationRead MoreThe Substance Abuse Social Worker1052 Words   |  5 PagesThe Substance Abuse Social Worker Social workers have long worked with people who abuse substances, beginning in the 1800’s with sobriety houses and inebriate asylums, to settlement houses in the profession’s beginnings to developing self-help, consumer-driven programs, designing inpatient detoxification programs, and to applying youth-oriented prevention and education programs. As an addictions counselor, the social worker is a part of a specialized profession that began with the wounded healerRead MoreModels in the Substance Abuse Field 1206 Words   |  5 PagesThe term substance refers to all psycho active substances –â€Å"any substances when taken by a living organism may modify its mood perception, cognition deportment or motor function,† (DSM-IV, 4th edition) whether it is legal or illegal. Substance abuse refers to the utilization of a drug or other substances for non-medical purposes with the aim of engendering a mind-altering effect in the utilizer (MOH, 2005). It involves the utilization of illegal substances such as cannabis, misuse of licit drugsRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Its Effects On Society Essay1579 Words   |  7 PagesAmerica’s silent killer, substance abuse. Substance abuse affects the user and everyone that they are around and most of the time the user doesn’t even realize nor care that it affects other people because they are consumed by the substances. These substances have the power to dramatically change people’s lives, such as the physical toll it takes on our body, the ways in which it corrupts our metal process, and the detrimental effects it has on our social lives. Most substances that are used in our societyRead MoreSubstance Abuse And Drug Therapy1101 Words   |  5 PagesA person who has a substance abuse and a mental health disorder are identified as having a co-occurring disorder. Patients with substance use and mental health share common ground, because they hold the philosophy that treatment of chronic illness requires a long-term approach in which stabilization, education, and self-management are central (Drake, Mercer-McFadden, Mueser, McHugo, Bond, 2016, p. 589). A counselor can help give resources (NA meetings being available in their community) as well